X5CrNiMo17-12-2 (316)

Description

X5CrNiMo17-12-2 (EN 1.4401 / AISI 316) per EN 10088. Standard Mo-bearing grade with C<=0.07% — slightly higher than 316L. Higher strength than 316L (Rp0.2 220 MPa vs 170 MPa) makes it preferred for machined components in bar and tube form where welding without PWHT is not required.

Key Properties — Solution Annealed

Rm (Tensile Strength)

515 – 690

MPa

Re / Rp0.2 (Yield)

220 – 320

MPa

A₅ (Elongation)

≥ 40.0

Hardness

— – 215

E (Young's Modulus)

193

GPa

Density

7.98

g/cm³

Main Designations (16)

Standard Body	Designation	Country / Region	Note
EN	X5CrNiMo17-12-2	European Union
DIN	1.4401	Germany
AISI/SAE	316	USA
ASTM	A240 / A276 Type 316	USA
BS EN	316S31	UK
JIS	SUS316	Japan
GOST	08H17N13M2 (08Kh17N13M2)	Russia / CIS
UNI	X5CrNiMo17-12-2	Italy
NF	Z6CND17-11-02	France
SS	2347	Sweden
PN	0H17N12M2	Poland
CSN	17346	Czech Republic
UNS	S31600	USA (UNS)
GB	06Cr17Ni12Mo2	China
JUS	C.4584	Yugoslavia / Serbia	Mo-bearing austenitic stainless steel; JUS C.B2.040
ISO	X5CrNiMo17-12-2	International

Standards (16)

#	Standard Body	Designation	Country / Region	Note
1	EN	X5CrNiMo17-12-2	European Union	—
2	DIN	1.4401	Germany	—
3	AISI/SAE	316	USA	—
4	ASTM	A240 / A276 Type 316	USA	—
5	BS EN	316S31	UK	—
6	JIS	SUS316	Japan	—
7	GOST	08H17N13M2 (08Kh17N13M2)	Russia / CIS	—
8	UNI	X5CrNiMo17-12-2	Italy	—
9	NF	Z6CND17-11-02	France	—
10	SS	2347	Sweden	—
11	PN	0H17N12M2	Poland	—
12	CSN	17346	Czech Republic	—
13	UNS	S31600	USA (UNS)	—
14	GB	06Cr17Ni12Mo2	China	—
15	JUS	C.4584	Yugoslavia / Serbia	Mo-bearing austenitic stainless steel; JUS C.B2.040
16	ISO	X5CrNiMo17-12-2	International	—

All values in wt.%

Carbon

≤ 0.0700

Silicon

≤ 1.0000

Manganese

≤ 2.0000

Chromium

16.5000 – 18.5000

Nickel

10.0000 – 13.0000

Molybdenum

2.0000 – 2.5000

Nitrogen

≤ 0.1100

Element	Symbol	Min %	Max %	Typical %
Carbon	C	—	0.0700	0.0400
Silicon	Si	—	1.0000	0.5000
Manganese	Mn	—	2.0000	1.2000
Chromium	Cr	16.5000	18.5000	17.2000
Nickel	Ni	10.0000	13.0000	11.5000
Molybdenum	Mo	2.0000	2.5000	2.2000
Nitrogen	N	—	0.1100	0.0500

Mechanical Properties

Condition	Code	Rm min MPa	Rm max MPa	Re min MPa	Re max MPa	A₅ min %	Z %	KV J	HB min	HB max	HRC min	HRC max	E GPa
Solution Annealed	+AT	515	690	220	320	40.0	—	—	—	215	—	—	193.0

Physical Properties

Density

7.980

g/cm³

Melting Point

1370–1400

°C

Young's Modulus

193.0

GPa

Poisson's Ratio

0.290

—

Thermal Conductivity

16.3

W/m·K

Thermal Expansion

16.50

×10⁻⁶ /K

Specific Heat

500

J/kg·K

Electrical Resistivity

0.7500

µΩ·m

Magnetic

Heat Treatment

Solution Annealing

Temperature:1010°C – 1120°C

Medium:Water quench

Duration:Sufficient

Cooling:Rapid quench

Hardness After:<=HB 215

For machined bar and tube.

Machinability

Machinability Rating

relative to AISI B1112 = 100%

42.0%

Difficult

Turning Speed (HSS)

m/min

Turning Speed (Carbide)

m/min

Feed Rate (Turning)

0.110

mm/rev

Drilling Speed (HSS)

m/min

Milling Speed (Carbide)

m/min

Coolant	High-pressure flood coolant mandatory
Chip Formation	Long stringy chips; work-hardening severe
Tool Material	TiAlN carbide; sharp positive rake
Surface Finish	Ra 0.4-1.6 um

Identical to 316L machining. Slightly higher strength means slightly higher cutting forces.

Applications

Chemical Process

Machined valve bodies, pump shafts, fittings and flanges for chemical service.

Marine

Machined shaft couplings, propeller shafts and marine hardware.

Medical

Non-implant surgical instruments and equipment housings.

Technical Notes

✅

316 vs 316L

Specify 316 (not 316L) for machined bar and tube components NOT involving welding — slightly higher strength. For welded fabrications: ALWAYS use 316L.

💧

Pitting Resistance

PRE approx 25. Significantly better than 304 (PRE approx 18) in chloride environments.